How to Negotiate A Better Deal

Discovering a super-cute end table at a flea market or a gorgeous necklace at a vintage jewelry shop is pretty much the best feeling ever—unless you end up paying way more than you’d bargained for because the seller out-negotiates you. Luckily, recent research can help you barter like a pro:  Choosing a precise number instead of rounding could help you come out on top during your next bargaining session, according to a new study that will be published in the Journal of Experimental Social Psychology.

Researchers from Columbia Business School set up six different fictional negotiation scenarios, like buying a used car, selling a textbook, or purchasing jewelry, and asked participants to offer either a rounded number or a specific number. The people who used a precise number—like offering $ 20.15 for a textbook instead of $ 20—ended up receiving a counter-offer closer to the number they originally put forth.

According to the researchers, specificity tells negotiators that you actually know what you’re talking about and can’t be easily tricked.

“Round numbers traditionally connote some kind of approximation and uncertainty,” says Alice Lee, one of the doctoral students that helped conduct the study. “By using a more precise number, you’re giving the impression that you did your homework, your market study, and that you didn’t just throw out a random number.” This makes them believe they’ll have less wiggle room when it comes time for their counteroffer.

One caveat: You can’t suggest just any number and expect it to work—it has to be something reasonable. Keep in mind, after all, that the seller knows the true value of the item, so bluffing isn’t going to do you any favors.

Your best bet: Do your research to come up with an approximate value for the item (this can be on your smartphone if you’re in a time crunch), and then choose a more specific number that’s close to that rounded value, suggests Elizabeth Wiley, the other doctoral student that worked on the study. This’ll help give you an edge while ensuring you stay within a range that actually makes sense.

Photo: iStockphoto/Thinkstock

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How to Negotiate Your Salary
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Haggle Your Way to a Better Bargain

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5 Ways to Deal with the Loss of a Pet

It’s been a bad month for pet-loving celebs. Last week, one of Miley Cyrus’ dogs, Lila, died, just days after Kim Kardashian’s 4-month-old teacup Persian kitten, Mercy, passed away from a cancer-like virus, according to E! News. Both stars announced the deaths online to their fans. “My heart has never been so broken…,” Cyrus tweeted. The news comes weeks after Fiona Apple postponed tour dates to be with her tumor-stricken, 13-year-old pit bull, Janet, in her last days, according to Reuters.

“She’s my best friend and my mother and my daughter, my benefactor and she’s the one who taught me what love is,” Apple wrote in the four-page hand-written letter she posted on her Facebook page explaining the decision.

These celebrities certainly aren’t alone in their feelings. About 9 in 10 pet owners think of their pets as members of the family, according to a Harris Interactive poll. Following the death of their pet, about 30 percent of people experience grief that lasts at least six months, while 12 percent experience severe grief that results in major life disruption, according to researchers from the University of Hawaii.

“Pets are anchors in our lives. They provide nurturing and unconditional love, love that we don’t even always receive from other people, says Alan D. Wolfelt, Ph.D., director of the Center for Loss and Life Transition and author of When Your Pet Dies: A Guide to Mourning, Remembering and Healing. “The loss of a pet is a major life event.”

However, after the death of a pet, many owners experience what psychologists call “disenfranchised grief,” the pain of a loss that’s not openly acknowledged or socially supported. Subsequently, their grief can worsen into clinical depression, low self-esteem, and withdrawal, making healthful strategies vital to processing the death of a pet. “While we all feel grief at the loss of a pet, what integrates that loss into our lives and softens the sadness is the act of mourning,” Wolfe says. It is important to recognize that the feelings associated with the loss of a pet—such as sadness, anger, disbelief, and regret—are all normal and deserve expression, he says. Bottling up intense feelings can lead to deep resentment and is stressful on the body, which can make you more vulnerable to illness.

Here, five ways to say goodbye and cope with the loss of your furry family member:

Celebrate his life
A memorial service can provide a safe space for you and those close to your pet to share stories and openly express emotions, Wolfelt says. Consider holding a small celebration of life ceremony at home or contacting a pet funeral home. They are present in most major cities and offer burial and cremation services as well as caskets, urns, and grave markers designed for pets. From lighting candles to donating money to an organization that benefits animals, commemorate your pet’s life will help you say goodbye.

Take time off
While about seven in 10 private sector employees get paid bereavement time off, that time rarely extends to the loss of a pet. Still, you may need to take a day or two off of work to regain your sense of equilibrium, says Wolfelt, who notes that many people experience lethargy and mental disorientation after a pet’s death. If your boss is a fellow pet owner, explain your situation to her, or simply take a sick day. No explanation necessary.

Lean on the right friends
About two-thirds of the people in your life will make you feel worse—or at least not better—about the loss of your pet with poorly chosen comments like “You can always get another one,” or “Be glad you don’t have to take care of him any more,” according to Wolfelt. “Surround yourself with the select people who affirm and understand the significance of your pet in your life and support you,” he says. Getting involved in a pet loss support group or visiting a grief counselor can also help you work through your emotions.

Protect your health
Emotional stressors exact a great deal of energy from your body, causing many people to suffer from weakened immune systems and illnesses during grief, he says. While you may experience a loss of appetite and thirst or have trouble sleeping, following the death of a pet, giving your body plenty of energy through food, water, and rest are important to staying healthy and feeling better emotionally.

Put off your trip to the pet store
“Fight off the instinct to get a new pet so you won’t miss the old one,” Wolfelt says. “It’s important to only welcome a new pet into your home once you are ready to attach to him appropriately without comparison.” While each person’s timeline is different, he suggests giving yourself at least six months to process the loss of your pet before getting a new one. “When it doubt, wait,” he says.

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The Science of Heartache
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How to Deal With Severe Morning Sickness


When news broke of Kate Middleton’s pregnancy last week, the Duchess of Cambridge wasn’t exactly out celebrating. Middleton was quickly admitted to a central London hospital with hyperemesis gravidarum, otherwise known as severe morning sickness. Fortunately for the duchess (or, rather, future moms-to-be who suffer the same fate), research is being conducted on an existing drug that seems to also be effective at treating morning sickness, according to a study in the journal Early Human Development.

The drug gabapentin, an anti-seizure and anti-pain medication, has been shown to relieve nausea and vomiting in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. In a small 2010 study, researchers tested the drug’s effectiveness in seven pregnant women with severe symptoms. The participants saw an average of 80 percent reduction in nausea and 94 percent reduction in vomiting after two weeks. “The drug showed remarkable effects in women who were very sick with this condition and were let down by other treatments,” says lead study author Thomas Guttuso, M.D., assistant professor at the University at Buffalo School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences.

Unfortunately, additional research and placebo studies need to be done on the medication before OB/GYNs will feel comfortable prescribing it to pregnant women. In the meantime, try these doctor-approved remedies for fighting off brutal morning sickness.

Take a supplement
Along with your recommended prenatal vitamins, Guttuso suggests vitamin B6 for relief from nausea and vomiting. Most women should take 10-25mg three times a day, he says. But make sure to run any new supplements by your doctor before you begin taking them.

Drink tons of fluids
If you’re getting sick often, make sure to amp up your water intake. Replenishing fluids is even more important than keeping food down, says Peter Bernstein, M.D., maternal-fetal medicine specialist at Montefiore Medical Center. “If you get dehydrated, you’ll feel a lot worse,” he says.

Overhaul your eating schedule
Instead of chowing down at your regular mealtimes, snack on several lighter dishes during the day. “Usually having bland, small meals throughout the day will help women tolerate morning sickness much better,” says Guttuso. Try a whole wheat bagel with butter, or apple slices and toast.

Plump up your pillows
Staying in bed might seem like a cure-all, but the wrong position can send you right back to the bathroom. “Lying flat can aggravate indigestion and make things worse,” says Bernstein, and getting up out of bed too quickly can also trigger nausea. Use extra pillows to prop yourself up so that both your head and shoulders are raised. “Keep a little something next to the bed, like crackers,” says Bernstein, “So that even before you bring your head off the pillow, you have something in your stomach to settle it.”

Limit risky foods
Those pregnancy cravings might be telling you to order extra jalapenos, but don’t give in. Certain foods, like anything spicy or acidic, can upset your stomach and make morning sickness worse, says Bernstein. That means holding off on the burritos, tomato sauce, and orange juice for a while.

Keep mints in your bag
Peppermint has been found to help settle your stomach, says Bernstein. Plus, the strong aroma can mask any unpleasant smells that might set you off. Stash some mints in your purse for emergencies—like when you’re passing a seafood market and feel a wave of nausea coming on.

Image: Stockbyte/Thinkstock

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Yoga for a Healthy Pregnancy
Can You Be Addicted to Being Pregnant?
When You’re Not Sure You Want Kids

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